Повсякдення неповнолітніх у 1944–1950 рр. (за матеріалами архіву Бориспільського району)

Maryna Baryshpolets (Loboda); Myroslava Smolnitska

doi:10.28925/2524-0757.2025.28

Authors

Maryna Baryshpolets (Loboda) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Department of Military Historical Research, Institute of History of Ukraine of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-9122
Myroslava Smolnitska Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Department of History of Ukraine of the second half of the twentieth century, Institute of History of Ukraine of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-2735

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2025.28

Keywords:

everyday life, childhood, postwar period, social history, minors, rural community, microhistory

Abstract

The goal of the research is to reconstruct the everyday life of minors in the Boryspil district of Kyiv region during 1944–1950, based on an analysis of documents from the Archives department of Boryspil State district administration. The study aims to determine how the socio-economic conditions of the postwar period influenced their living, labor, education, and socialization. The research also highlights the role of the district archive as a valuable source base for academic studies. A microhistorical approach was applied, along with historical-archival and problem-thematic methods, content analysis, socio-historical and narrative analysis. This made it possible to comprehensively examine the archival materials and emphasize the socio-economic aspects of minors’ everyday life in rural communities, highlighting their active integration into social life. Scientific novelty. The study implements a multidimensional approach to exploring children’s everyday life in the postwar period. Unique local materials have made it possible to reveal new aspects of regional history. The potential of the district archive as a source for studying social history — particularly the condition of minors — is demonstrated. Childhood is considered as a phenomenon closely intertwined with the social environment, family structures, economic conditions, and cultural practices. Archival materials make it possible to reconstruct the living conditions of children, their employment, social support, and access to education and healthcare, although the sources mostly reflect the official point of view. Nevertheless, they allow for tracing the mechanisms by which minors adapted to the realities of the postwar period. Children worked, supported their families, and participated in community life, adjusting to harsh conditions. The experience of the Boryspil district represents typical features of children’s everyday life in rural areas, shaped by resource shortages, intensive labor, limited access to education, and ideological control.

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